§ 01 · Pricing
FM pricing by asset type
Indicative IFM €/m²/year benchmarks across four asset classes: Office, R&D / Lab,
Manufacturing, and Warehouse. Office benchmarks apply to corporate office portfolios; R&D and
Manufacturing carry significantly different cost profiles and should never be conflated. Triangulated
from JLL, CBRE, Mordor, IFMA, Drees & Sommer, and provider disclosures. Market = published market rate;
Optimised = the achievable rate under a well-run integrated FM mandate.
Tier 1 / Premium
Tier 2 / Core
Tier 3 / Value
Tier 4 / Emerging
Mkt = Market rate · Opt = Optimised IFM rate
| Country | Office | R&D / Lab | Manufacturing | Warehouse | Tier | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mkt €/m² | Opt €/m² | Mkt €/m² | Opt €/m² | Mkt €/m² | Opt €/m² | Mkt €/m² | Opt €/m² | ||
Notes.
Office = corporate office portfolios incl. soft FM. R&D / Lab = GxP-compliant pharma/biotech labs and tech R&D facilities; significantly higher hard-FM intensity (HVAC, ultra-pure water, gas, cleanroom HVAC). Manufacturing = mid-tech industrial; semiconductor fabs add ~+30–50% above this baseline; chemical plants ~+15–25%. Warehouse = standard logistics; automated & cold-chain add ~+20–40%. Excludes energy commodity cost & capex. Multipliers vs DACH baseline (1.00×). Data confidence: 🟢 Western EU · 🟡 Southern & CEE · 🟠 MEA. Triangulated from JLL FM 2025, CBRE FM Cost Trends, Mordor MEA & Europe, IFMA EMEA O&M, Drees & Sommer European FM Provider Report, GEFMA, provider disclosures FY2024/2025.
§ 02 · The BDX Lens
Industry verticals through BDX
Each card shows the four data points that matter most: outsourcing maturity,
CAFM/IWMS adoption, AI/tech deployment readiness, and
direction of travel. Plus the strategic angle, the watchouts, and the named EMEA targets inside.
This is the play-sheet, not the textbook.
— Operating Principle
The vertical lens decides the narrative. The pricing decides the number. The sources defend both.
Every serious CRE/FM intelligence brief should resolve through three layers: 1. The vertical lens — what does this industry care about, what's their outsourcing maturity, where's the strategic angle? 2. The asset-type pricing matrix — never quote office benchmarks for an R&D portfolio or a manufacturing site. 3. The source library — every confirmed figure resolves to a publisher; every estimate is labelled.
§ 03 · The Library
Sources, indexed
60+ curated sources across eight categories. Every entry links to the publisher's primary resource —
no aggregator sites where originals exist. Filter by category or search by keyword, country, topic.
§ 04 · Organisation
Corporate RE org models
How big enterprises structure CRE/FM. Five archetypes observed across Fortune 500 / DAX 40 occupiers,
plus the decision-maker map for procurement planning.
§ 05 · Regulatory
EU horizontal regulation
Not financial regulation — the EU horizontal frameworks that directly shape what FM scope clients must buy: supply chain due diligence, sustainability reporting, building energy performance, F-gases, pay transparency. Every BD conversation in 2026 touches at least two of these.
§ 06 · How to use
The BDX workflow
Practical workflow for using this library. Every intelligence brief, deck, or strategic conversation passes through these six steps.